Studies on muonic dynamics of liquid D–T–H in dtμ muonic-molecule resonance formation and its comparison with a D–T system

Abstract

Recent experimental and theoretical studies on muon-catalyzed fusion in a mixture of three gases, D–T–H, have shown that the muon-cycling-rate changes obtained are mostly in contradiction with each other and depend strongly on the physical conditions of the system. In this paper, we have considered the muon-cycling rate and its relevant nonlinear dynamical equations for mixtures of D–T and D–T–H in practical conditions where the muon-cycling rate is temperature; density of the mixture; and relative-particle concentration (deuterium, tritium, and hydrogen) dependent. Our theoretical method has shown that addition of protium to a D–T mixture leads to a significant decrease in the cycling rate, namely, by a factor of more than 15 in the liquid mixture and more than three in the gaseous mixture at 300–600 K. We show that the results obtained for given experimental conditions are in very good agreement with recent experimental values of Joint Institute for Nuclear Research in Dubna. The given reliable theoretical method leads us to determine the optimal condition of the muon-cycling rate such as relative-particle concentration in the resonance-temperature range at liquid hydrogen density, Φ = 1. It is shown that for a deuterium and tritium relative concentration of Cd = Ct = 0.45 with Cp = 0.1 and ωs = 0.0029, a muon-cycling rate of 199 in the dtμ branch at 800 K is achievable, which compared to the D–T system in optimal conditions, still has a 29% enhancement. Finally, by energy-gain evaluation of resonance-muon-catalyzed fusion, we show that even this key step in high-yield μCF is far, far away from sufficiently minimal values to be of interest for practical applications of such a system. PACS No.: 25.30M