STUDIES ON IN VITRO ANTIDIABETIC ACTIVITIES OF HOPEA PONGA AND VITEX LEUCOXYLON

Arun Kashivishwanath Shettar,Ankala Basappa Vedamurthy

doi:10.22159/ijpps.2017v9i2.16280

Arun Kashivishwanath Shettar, Ankala Basappa Vedamurthy

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.22159/ijpps.2017v9i2.16280

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Abstract

Objective: Evaluating antidiabetic property of Hopea ponga and Vitex leucoxylon extracts by using in vitro assays.Methods: The exhaustive serial extraction was carried out with a series of solvents: chloroform, ethyl acetate, methanol, ethanol and water with increasing polarity using Soxhlet apparatus. The concentrated and dried extracts were evaluated for antidiabetic activity by employing standard in vitro techniques (α-amylase and glucose uptake assay using yeast model in which the effects of extracts on α-amylase and glucose uptake was tested by considering the percentage of inhibition of α-amylase and increase in glucose uptake in yeast cells).Results: In vitro antidiabetic studies show that in case of Hopea ponga methanol extract showed comparable antidiabetic activity with percentage of α-amylase inhibition 51.7925±0.92794 % and with IC50 value 96.53 µg and it was less on comparison with standard i.e. 71.0907±0.67796% with IC50 value 70.33 µg and in case of glucose uptake assay aqueous extract showed higher activity over all remaining extracts with percentage of inhibition 49.8100±0.62476% and with IC50 value 250.95 µg. whereas in case of Vitex leucoxylon aqueous extract exhibited significant activity in both performed assays i. e α-amylase inhibition and glucose uptake assay with percentage 54.6147±0.46397% and 57.1337±0.44201% respectively when compared to other solvent extracts.Conclusion: Results confirm that aqueous extract of Vitex leucoxylon exhibited highest antidiabetic activity among all extracts. Additional studies are needed for purification, characterization and structural elucidation of bioactive compounds from aqueous extract and also confirm its antidiabetic property by in vivo studies. The present study provides scientific evidence that the leaves of Hopea ponga and Vitex leucoxylon possess anti-diabetic efficacy. Thus, considering its relative antidiabetic potency, these extracts are the useful therapeutic agents for treating and management of diabetes.

Highlights

Diabetes mellitus is a complex and diverse group of disorders that disturbs the metabolism of the biomolecules such as carbohydrates, fats and proteins
In vitro antidiabetic studies show that in case of Hopea ponga methanol extract showed comparable antidiabetic activity with percentage of α-amylase inhibition 51.7925±0.92794 % and with IC50 value 96.53 μg and it was less on comparison with standard i.e. 71.0907±0.67796% with IC50 value 70.33 μg and in case of glucose uptake assay aqueous extract showed higher activity over all remaining extracts with percentage of inhibition 49.8100±0.62476% and with IC50 value 250.95 μg. whereas in the case of Vitex leucoxylon aqueous extract exhibited significant activity in both performed assays i. e α-amylase inhibition and glucose uptake assay with percentage 54.6147±0.46397% and 57.1337±0.44201% respectively when compared to other solvent extracts
The concentrated and dried extracts H. ponga and V. leucoxylon were evaluated for antidiabetic activity by employing standard in vitro techniques (Alpha-amylase and glucose uptake assay using yeast model)

Summary

Introduction

Diabetes mellitus is a complex and diverse group of disorders that disturbs the metabolism of the biomolecules such as carbohydrates, fats and proteins. There are many synthetic drugs available as oral hypoglycemic agents and as drugs to treat diabetes but continuous use of synthetic drugs cause severe side effects and highly expensive. In ancient Indian literature medicinal properties of several herbal plants have been documented and the preparations have been found to be effective in the treatment of many severe diseases. Many medicinal plants are reported to be useful in the management and treatment of diabetes too [12]. There is a growing interest in herbal remedies due to the toxic effects associated with the oral hypoglycemic agents for the treatment of diabetes mellitus [13]. It is estimated that more than thousand plant species are being used as folk medicine for curing diabetes [14]. Herbal products or plant products are rich in flavonoids, phenolic compounds, terpenoids and other constituents which help to reduce blood glucose levels [15]

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