Studies on Fowl Typhoid I. Nature and Dissemination

Abstract

INTRODUCTIONFOWL typhoid, an acute, infectious disease of chickens and other domesticated poultry, is widespread in the United States, Europe, Africa, and South America. Chickens, turkeys, guinea fowls, and some wild fowls are susceptible, but ducks, geese, and pigeons are reported to be resistant. The early history of the disease in foreign countries has been reviewed by Beaudette (1925) and Lesbouyries (1941). The disease was first recognized in this country about 50 years ago, when it was called “infectious leukemia” by Moore (1895). Theobald Smith, working with Cooper Curtice (1902) in Rhode Island, suggested the name “fowl typhoid” on account of its similarity to human typhoid. Since the publication of the work of these early investigators, little research has been done on this disease in this country other than the comprehensive investigations of Kaupp and Dearstyne (1925), Gauger (1937), and Van Es and Olney (1940).On the basis of a .