Abstract
Being naturally produced colorants with fluorescent properties, phycobiliproteins (PBPs) have important food industry applications. However, optimization of extraction and their stability under storage is an aspect which needs further attention. In this study, optimization of phycobiliprotein extraction from Lyngbya sp. CCNM 2053 was undertaken using response surface methodology (RSM). Preliminary screening suggested a phosphate buffered system with freeze thaw for cell disruption as the most suitable method. 22.40 ± 1.31 mg g-1 C-phycoerythrin (CPE) and 52.76 ± 0.07 mg g-1 total proteins were extracted using phosphate buffer while freeze thaw method yielded 19.87 ± 0.43 mg g-1 CPE and 58.92 ± 3.49 mg g-1 total proteins. RSM was used to optimize phosphate buffer pH (5.5 - 8), molarity (0.1 - 1 M) and number of freeze thaw cycles (2 - 7). Interaction between buffer molarity and number of freeze thaw cycles was most significant for modelling the responses. Extraction of phycobiliproteins was highest with pH 8 and low molarity buffers. The predicted values from the equations agreed well with the experimental values, proving the robustness of the model. The stability of the extract was also evaluated at different temperatures, light exposure times and pH values. Results indicated that light exposure should be kept to a minimum while the stability was affected by extreme temperatures and pH. CPE was comparatively stable in a pH and temperature range of 3 – 8 and 4 – 40 °C respectively.
Highlights
C-phycoerythrin (CPE) is a water soluble, light harvesting accessory pigment found in some strains of cyanobacteria and is responsible for absorption of wavelengths inaccessible to chlorophyll
We chose to study the effect of three different buffers on the extractability of CPE from a cyanobacterium, Lyngbya sp. (CCNM 2053) while deionized water (DW) was taken as the control
Phosphate buffer was the ideal solvent for extracting CPE (22.40 ± 1.31 mg g−1) (Figure 1) followed by PIPES as the second-best alternative (19.24 ± 0.46 mg g−1)
Summary
C-phycoerythrin (CPE) is a water soluble, light harvesting accessory pigment found in some strains of cyanobacteria and is responsible for absorption of wavelengths inaccessible to chlorophyll. In addition to its role as a light harvesting protein, it is widely studied for its applications as a natural food colorant, anti-oxidant and anti-hyperglycemic agent, fluorescent tag, and small ion sensor (Sekar and Chandramohan, 2007; Ghosh et al, 2016, 2018, 2020; Ghosh and Mishra, 2020). With its bright fluorescence, is widely regarded as a potential food colorant, most of the sources are limited to red seaweeds (Dufossé et al, 2005; Sekar and Chandramohan, 2007).
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