Studies on enzymes of nitrogen metabolism, and nitrogen end products in the developing chick ( Gallus domesticus) embryo

Abstract

1. 1. A total of 450 fertilized eggs were used to study the concentrations of uric acid, urea and ammonia in allantoic and amniotic fluids, and some enzymes of nitrogen metabolism in the liver and kidney during the development of the chick embryo from the 5th to 21st day of incubation. 2. 2. Concentrations of the compounds studied were higher in allantoic fluid. The molar concentration of allantoic uric acid increased steadily with time. The pattern of urea and ammonia in both allantoic and amniotic fluids were the same. 3. 3. Arginase (E.C.3.5.3.1) activity in both embryonic kidney and definitive kidney was higher than that in the liver. The specific activity of arginase (μmole urea formed/hr per g wet wt kidney) dropped during development. 4. 4. Little arginine synthetase activity (argininosuccinate synthetase, E.C.6.3.4.5; and argininosuccinate lyase, E.C.4.3.2.1) was found in kidney, but non in the liver. 5. The complete urea cycle function was absent in both the liver and the kidney of the chick embryo.