Abstract
1. 1. In Carcinus maenas a cholinesterase was found. Especially in the nervous system it was present in high concentrations. The activity b 30′ in the central nervous system was 1300, as against 90 in the leg muscle, the tissue following next in activity. 2. 2. The activity of the abdominal ganglion is more than five times that of the cerebral ganglion. 3. 3. With respect to the substrate specificity the enzyme solutions behave like the human specific true cholinesterase; mecholyl is hydrolysed well, benzoylcholine not at all. 4. 4. Also with respect to the acetylcholine concentration the enzyme solutions behave like the specific true cholenesterase. 5. 5. The activity-mecholyl concentration curve does not show a maximum at 0.03 M; we did not observe any inhibition by an excess of mecholyl. 6. 6. The 50% inhibition by physostigmine of the Carcinus cholinesterase takes place at the same concentration of physostigmine as does the inhibition of the human true cholinesterase.
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