Abstract
Cation co-ordination has been studied in aqueous cation–borate–D-glucarate systems using 11B n.m.r. spectroscopy. The univalent cations KI, NaI, and AgI do not show preferential co-ordination by the borate esters of D-glucarate. The divalent cations MgII, CaII, CoII, NiII, SrII, CdII, and BaII are co-ordinated by the borate diesters. The cations that ionize the α-hydroxyl functions of D-glucarate, CuII, ZnII PrIII and PbII and/or compete with borate for the diol functions, AlIII and FeIII, are more strongly co-ordinated by free D-glucarate than by its borate diester. The different behaviour of the cations is discussed in terms of differences in charge/radius density and polarizing ability. In the CaII–oxyacid anion–D-glucarate system, CaII ion-selective electrode measurements and CaII sequestering capacity determinations have been performed. Apart from borate, synergic CaII co-ordination is observed at high pH for the oxyacid anion esters of D-glucarate of antimonite, stannate, aluminate, and germanate.
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