Abstract
Upgradation techniques like wet sieving and magnetic separation were used to evaluate the beneficiation potential of manganese ore. During wet sieving, manganese content in raw ore was upgraded from 27% to a maximum value of 38% in the concentrate with a recovery of 30%. Size classification was found to have no measurable effect on manganese grade in magnetic separation. In the unsieved ground ore, manganese content of 45% was achieved with a recovery of 23% and Mn/Fe ratio of 19% at a magnetic intensity of 8500 Gauss. At the same operating conditions, SiO2 was reduced from 56% in the raw ore to 30% in the magnetic fraction. So, wet sieving technique leads to a comparatively lower manganese grade but better recovery. Conversely, a magnetic separation technique produced higher manganese grade but relatively lower recovery. Blending of the upgraded manganese ore with high grade iron ore can be done to achieve the required Mn/Fe ratio.
Highlights
Almost 90-95% of manganese in the form of its alloys is consumed in steel production
Quartz grains occur in clusters and are fractured and manganese ore is penetrated along the fractures and all around quartz
Wet size classification was conducted in the size range of -1650μm+150μm, -150μm+75μm and 75μm+45μm
Summary
Almost 90-95% of manganese in the form of its alloys is consumed in steel production. It is a powerful reducing, desulfurizing and dephosphorizing agent imparting malleability, tenacity, and hardness to steel. Rest of the manganese is used in the production of dry cell batteries and as dietary additives [1, 2]. The production of manganese alloys requires ores with manganese content greater than 30% and manganese/iron ratio greater than 5 [1]. Ores with a low manganese content (~12% or less) [3,4] can be utilized in the production of manganese pig iron [5, 6]. The global production of raw and up-graded manganese ore is assessed to be around 17 million tonnes [5,7]
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