Abstract
In recent years, with the rapid development of offshore wind turbines (WTs), the problem of lightning strikes has become more and more prominent. In order to reduce the failure rate caused by the transient overvoltage of lightning struck offshore WTs, the influencing factors and the response rules of transient overvoltage are analyzed. In this paper, a new integrated electromagnetic transient model of offshore WTs is established by using the numerical calculation method of the electromagnetic field first. Then, based on the lightning model and considering the impedance of the lightning channel, the transient overvoltage of lightning is analyzed. Last, the electromagnetic transient model of offshore WTs is simulated and analyzed by using the alternative transients program electro-magnetic transient program (ATP-EMTP) software. The influence factors of lightning transient overvoltage are studied. The main influencing factors include the sea depth, the blade length, the tower height, the lightning flow parameters, the lightning strike point, and the blade rotation position. The simulation results show that the influencing factors mentioned above have different effects on the lightning transient overvoltage. The results of the study have some guiding significance for the design of the lightning protection of the engine room.
Highlights
With the increasingly serious energy problem, wind energy has gradually become the most rapidly developed and widely used renewable energy in the world [1,2]
When the offshore wind turbines (WTs) is struck by lightning, the lightning current will flow through the lightning channel wave impedance, and will form a certain circulation path on the WT at the same time
In addition to the parameters mentioned above,research this paper considers the lightning channel standard lightning current waveform to simulate the lightning current suffered by a wind turbine
Summary
With the increasingly serious energy problem, wind energy has gradually become the most rapidly developed and widely used renewable energy in the world [1,2]. Most research on lightning transient response is carried out for lightning protection of the steel structure model of buildings. In [17,18,19], the lightning protection model of a power system is proposed These works provide the reference for the establishment of offshore wind turbine lightning models. The existing research lacks an analysis of the wave impedance characteristics of the unit, which affects the accurate calculation of the potential of each part and each point of the generator when the lightning current occurs in the unit. The influence of different factors on the transient overvoltage is analyzed This has certain guiding significance for the design of offshore wind turbine lightning protection systems
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