STUDIES OF VEGETATIVE COMPATIBILITY‐INCOMPATIBILITY IN HIGHER PLANTS. IV. THE DEVELOPMENT OF TENSILE STRENGTH IN A COMPATIBLE AND AN INCOMPATIBLE GRAFT

Abstract

Three phases of adhesion between the stock and scion are observable during the formation of a compatible autograft in Sedum telephoides and an incompatible heterograft between Sedum telephoides and Solanum pennellii. The first phase of adhesion is similar in both systems in that it 1) lasts 2 to 3 days, and 2) is characterized by an average increase in tensile strength of 1 g breaking weight (BW)/mm2 graft area (GA)/day. In the compatible Sedum autograft, the second phase of adhesion lasts from Days 3 to 11 after grafting and is correlated with a 28‐fold increase in the tensile strength of the graft union to approximately 56 g BW/mm2 GA by 11 days after grafting. The third phase of adhesion in the compatible autograft is characterized by a leveling off of the tensile strength of the graft union at approximately 56 g BW/mm2 GA, roughly equal to that of an ungrafted internode. Graft formation is now complete. These results suggest that the ratio of the tensile strength of the graft union : tensile strength of a comparable ungrafted internode provides an estimate of the percent development of compatible autografts. In the incompatible heterograft between Sedum and Solanum, Phase II adhesion 1) lasts from Days 2 to 5 after grafting, and 2) peaks at 12 g BW/mm2 GA at 5 days after grafting. Phase III adhesion in the incompatible heterograft occurs subsequent to Day 5 after grafting and is characterized by an average decrease in the tensile strength of the graft union of 0.3 g BW/mm2 GA/day. The results of this study are discussed relative to the quantitative contributions of various structural events to the tensile strength of a graft union.