Abstract
Modified techniques of zonal centrifugal analysis have been developed which have proved useful in exploring the role of surfactants in forming stable, nonaqueous suspensions. The methods make it possible to assess the effects upon solid-in-liquid suspensions of dispersants, grinding aids, suspending agents, flocculants and other types of surfactants which affect the sedimentation behavior of suspended particles. They also permitted us to study the role of surfactants in flocculation under carefully controlled, reproducible conditions. We observed the formation of open, three-dimensional networks of particles. These networks are now believed to be characteristic of flocculation. but not characteristic of the other colloidal phenomena of coagulation and agglomeration. Our data indicate that specific surfactants in micellar form are a necessary phase in non-aqueous flocculation.
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