Studies of structural, morphological, electrical, and magnetic properties of Mg-substituted Co-ferrite materials synthesized using sol-gel autocombustion method

Abstract

In this work,a nonmagnetic Mg partially substituted in CoFe2O4 was considered and has been shown to have an impact on structural, electrical and magnetic properties of ferrite materials with Co1−xMgxFe2O4 (x = 0, 0.25, 0.45, and 0.75) forms. Sol-gel synthesis route has been followed to synthesize these materials using citric acid as a fuel. Structural parameters were calculated from powder X-ray diffraction data. X-ray diffraction revealed that all the samples synthesized are pure cubic spinel structured materials with space group of Fd3̅m and the lattice constant varying with Mg concentration. From the field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) microstructure characterizations it has been shown that the synthesized materials are well defined crystalline structured with inhomogeneous grain sizes. Besides, the grain sizes were shown to decrease with increase of Mg-content. Fourier transform Infrared (FT-IR) characterization showed the cation vibrations and stretching of other groups in the wave number range of 400–4000cm−1. The DC resistivity measurements showed an enhanced resistivity of the samples, in the order of 107Ωcm, at the highest concentration of Mg. VSM magnetic properties analysis revealed that the Coercive force decreases with increase of Mg concentration whereas the saturation magnetization varies with Mg content.