Abstract
Abstract Gracilaria mammillaris has been the most common flattened Gracilaria reported from North Carolina offshore waters. Analyses of rbcL sequences from North Carolina specimens identified as G. mammillaris revealed that they were actually Gracilaria galatensis, Gracilaria hayi, Gracilaria isabellana, and Gracilaria occidentalis. Comparisons of contemporary Gracilaria rbcL sequences with a partial sequence from the G. mammillaris holotype indicated that G. mammillaris is most likely not present in North Carolina. Specimens from Venezuela and Brazil originally identified as Gracilaria curtissiae are G. mammillaris, and the currently designated G. mammillaris epitype represents a unique species described here as Gracilaria gurgelii sp. nov.
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