STUDIES OF MEDICINAL VALUES OF THE COMPONENTS PRESENT IN PSIDIUM GUAJAVA (P GUAJAVA) LEAVES

Abstract

Our present study on Psidium guajava to study phytochemical compounds present in its leaves and the medicinal value of the compounds. The P.guajava is an angiospermic plant belonging to the family Myrtaceae and it contains 150 genera and 3300 species. From the extraction data we conclude that we get the maximum percentage of extraction (crude extract) by methanol solvent which was about 7.3%. .Preliminary phytochemical studies showed maximum phytochemical compounds such as steroids , glycosides , phenolic compounds , tannins , carbohydrates , Saponins in the methanol extract. The qualitative phytochemical analysis of P.guajava leaf extract such as UV-Vis spectrum of crude extract of different solvents shows that absorption occurs at the visible region, thus we can use this compound as a photocatalyst in photocatalysis reactions. FTIR was used to identify the characteristic functional group in the crude Guava leaves powder .The absorption at 3425cm-1 is due to presence of hydroxyl group. The absorption at 1634 cm-1 is due to c=c stretching .The absorption at 1321 cm-1 is due to bending vibrations of C-H bonds of the methyl group. A strong and broad absorption band in the range 3000 − 3700 cm−1 , corresponding to the hydroxyl groups (O–H) stretching vibrations. This indicates the presence of alcoholic and phenolic groups with a wide variety of hydrogen bonding . Sharp peak at 2855 cm−1 and 2924 cm−1 associated with –C–H stretching vibrations of −CH2 and –CH groups, indicating the presence of aromatic ring (Ar–H) and glucose moieties (CH2OH) in tannins. The broad band in range 1200 − 1420 cm−1 and 764 − 820 cm−1 assigned to O– H in plane and out of plane blending, respectively . The sharp peak at 1604 cm−1 is attributed to the C=C stretching vibration in the phenolic groups. A small peak at 1700 cm−1 assigned to the carbonyl (–C=O) group indicates that an ester bond is formed between two galloyl groups. The peak at 900 − 1200 cm−1 is assigned to the C–O stretching vibration of phenolic groups. These phytochemical compounds can help in the pharmaceutical field.