Abstract
During the Norwegian Antarctic Research Expedition of 1978–79, a number of experiments were carried out using side-scanning solar techniques for under-water mapping of icebergs, ice fronts, and ice walls, and for studies of active ploughing areas off ice fronts. This paper presents the techniques and some results, together with views on operational and environmental aspects of using side-scanning sonar in the Antarctic. From the sonographs it is possible to measure depths of icebergs and ice fronts, and to estimate the magnitudes of shape anomalies. Vertical profiles of ice fronts show great variations depending on whether they are grounded or floating. Also, the acoustic signatures vary according to the elapsed time since calving.
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