Abstract
The mechanism of back-bending phenomenon is investigated in a fully quantum mechanical way using the angular-momentum projection method. The nature of decoupled bands which play a central role in the back-bending phenomenon is discussed. Some basic questions are clarified, such as why the back-bending is found only in relatively weakly deformed (rare-earth) nuclei, and why the back-bending is caused by breaking a neutron pair rather than a proton pair. The second back-bending is due to a simultaneous neutron and proton pair-breaking but its occurrence is often hindered. We point out three hindrance mechanisms for second and higher order back-bending. The plateau of moment of inertia in well-deformed nuclei is also studied. An analysis of the high-spin data on even-mass Er, Yb and Hf isotopes is presented up to spin 32. Agreement between theory and experiment is satisfactory. We predict a second back-bending in 164Er at spin 26.
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