Abstract
The rheological properties of sodium Attapulgite sols and gels have been studied as a function of clay concentration, etc.; and the effects of peptising and coagulating electrolytes on these properties have been investigated. These systems show similar properties to those of mixed calcium-sodium Montmorillonite (and Hectorite) clays of equivalent exchangeable sodium content. The intrinsic viscosity and viscosities of the heterocoagulated sols are low, despite the high anisometry of the individual Attapulgite laths (or needles), since disaggregation is incomplete: these sols set to gels of moderate strength. Heterocoagulation is eliminated (as in other clays) by adsorption of peptisors (polyphosphates, etc.) onto the positively charged edges of the dispersed clay particles. Coagulation of the sols dispersed in sodium carbonate solution by electrolytes leads to the formation of highly dissymmetric structures with high viscosity and yield stress. The peptised sols are more stable to electrolyte; and when coagulated, the particle-particle aggregation and structure formation is very much reduced.
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