Abstract
The main purpose of this study was to investigate students’ academic performance (SAP) before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic in face-to-face (F2F) and online learning (OL) instructions. The study also attempted to determine the impact of gender and academic major on students’ academic performance. For the results of semester grade point average (SGPA), the findings of the study showed better SAP in F2F learning as compared to OL learning, while the results of grade point average (GPA) indicated better SAP in OL learning than in F2F learning. The findings supported the stated hypotheses by indicating the positive impact of gender and academic major on SAP in F2F and OL learning, before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic. The regression analysis revealed that the demographic variables can predict up to 18% variations in the student’s academic performance. These findings offer valuable insights for practical strategies to improve SAP in F2F and OL learning.
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