Student-to-Student Dental Local Anesthetic Preclinical Training: Impact on Students' Confidence and Anxiety in Clinical Practice.

Abstract

Effective dental local anesthetic administration forms the basis of pain-free dentistry; therefore, the application of theoretical knowledge and the ability to deliver injections safely and competently are vital aspects of student learning. Student- to-student administration of the first local anesthetic injection has been a traditional method for preclinical training. The aim of this study was to evaluate oral health students' perceived value of such practice and the impact on their level of anxiety and confidence in giving their first injections to patients. A sequential mixed-methods cohort study design was used. After their local anesthesia training, all 42 second-year students in the oral health program at the Sydney Dental School, University of Sydney, Australia, in 2016-17 were asked to complete five short questionnaires. All 42 students completed each questionnaire, after which seven of them participated in a voluntary focus group. The students reported that they valued the one-on-one feedback from the educators during student-to-student preclinical training. The students' primary concern was the possible pain and discomfort that may arise when they perform the first infiltration or inferior alveolar nerve block injections on patients. Most students reported they felt "a little nervous" and experienced a similar level of confidence in administering the two types of injections. The oral health students valued the experiential learning of student-to-student preclinical dental local anaesthetic training. Students' level of anxiety and confidence was affected by the age of patients and type of local anesthetic injections. The level of anxiety students experienced was negatively correlated with their confidence in giving first local anesthetic injections to patients. Further investigation is needed to determine if this level changes with more clinical experience.