Student Teams-Achievement Divisions (STAD) in Enhancing Speaking Performance among English as Second Language (ESL) Learners: A Critical Review

Izyan Safira Ibrahim,Nor Hafizah Adnan

doi:10.4236/ce.2019.1012210

Abstract

In this review, the authors critically examined the potential of Student Teams- Achievement Divisions (STAD) in enhancing student’s speaking performance among English as Second Language (ESL) learners. Specifically, the cooperative language learning concept that emerged in the 2000s, including procedures of implementing STAD and teaching speaking through STAD, were discussed. The authors examined conceptualizations of this model as well as related research. This review aimed to improve our understanding of STAD in enhancing speaking performance as well as teamwork satisfaction among ESL learners, provide a comprehensive discussion of current discourse, and offer major directions for future research.

Highlights

The importance of English in globalization has made it the most in demand language to be learned worldwide
The authors critically examined the potential of Student TeamsAchievement Divisions (STAD) in enhancing student’s speaking performance among English as Second Language (ESL) learners
The cooperative language learning concept that emerged in the 2000s, including procedures of implementing STAD and teaching speaking through STAD, were discussed

Summary

Introduction

The importance of English in globalization has made it the most in demand language to be learned worldwide. Learning English as a second language is not an easy task since one has made their first language as a comfortable medium to communicate. Some learners might not have enough exposure to English as a second language which causes the learning to be a bit harder for them. This situation can be equated to the students in non-native English speaking countries, for instance Malaysia, who have received maximum exposure of Eng-. H. Adnan lish as the second language from primary to secondary school. Adnan lish as the second language from primary to secondary school They have learned the language for years, they are still having problem and difficulties in using the language

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Conclusion