Abstract
Dengue has been a critical problem for an Islamic School, Nakhon Si Thammarat province, Southern Thailand. Objectives: 1) to build student capacity; and 2) to evaluate the results of student capacity building. Method: Participatory Action Research: PAR was applied in three phases: 1) the school-based preparation phase; 2) the process of building student capacity phase, and 3) evaluation of the results of the student capacity building. Independent T-Test statistical method was used to analyze student capacity both before and after the intervention. Larval Indices were determined through ratio analysis. Results: Prior to the intervention, there was no clear strategy for combating dengue. In this study, three groups were formed to build student capacity: a leader group, a non-leader group, and a support group. The leader group (48 student leaders), critical to the study, was set as a dengue club named “Eliminate Ades Aegypti, the culprit of dengue” which focused on eight sets of activities: “Dengue or Death”, “Seniors educating juniors”, “Reward for good answers”, “Dengue monitoring team”, “Youth to expel mosquetoes”, “Mosquito or busy”, “Garbage elimination of Pondok”, and “Essential doctors”. The level of student capacity for the prevention and control of dengue of a sampling of 308 student representatives of the Pondok (Islamic school) showed an increase after intervention ( (SD); 56.78 (17.06); 65.33(15.36) and different statistic significant (P < 0.001). The Larval indices ratio levels had decreased from the original levels (BI = 244, HI = 45, and CI = 26) after intervention (BI = 137, HI = 39, and CI = 19). Dengue morbidity and mortality rates were not found during the study. Discussion: Although there had been an increase in student capacity, a decrease in the larval indices ratio, and the absence of a dengue epidemiology index, the high risk of a dengue epidemic might still be found in the school because the ratio of larval indices were higher than the standard index. Then, the committed participation of students, school, and communities around the school vicinity is needed in building student capacity of dengue prevention and control.
Highlights
Dengue is one of the most critical emerging tropical diseases [1]
The format consisted of four parts: Part I: General characteristics, Part II: Student capacity in dealing with dengue, Part III: Household environment observation form with open ended questions, and Part IV: Larval indices survey form, consisting of the following indices: the House Index (HI), the Breteau Index (BI), and the Container Index (CI), which were calculated to indicate the density of dengue occurrence
The results of the study focused on process and outcome of community capacity building which devised into two sections: 1) the model of student capacity building process as the results of the building capacity process, and 2) the results of student capacity building consisted of student capacity level, the entomological outcome, and the epidemiological outcome
Summary
Dengue is one of the most critical emerging tropical diseases [1]. In Thailand, dengue has been a significant public health problem for the past fifty years. The mortality rate has decreased in hospitals, the morbidity rate has increased in all areas from 1998 to 2009. Southern Thailand, especially, has seen a higher incidence in dengue than other areas, possibly due to factors such as a greater number of rainy days, the amount of rainfall, the relative humidity, and a warmer temperature [2]. There are many sources for the reproduction of Aedes aegypt in the community and in school public areas. In Southern Thailand, the Islamic school or OPEN ACCESS
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