Abstract
As of 2011, there were over 444,000 college athletes playing for over 18,000 teams in the United States. Using data from a longitudinal survey of college students at over 400 institutions, we estimate the impact of participation in intercollegiate athletics on academic outcomes. We focus on whether the effects differ across sports and student demographics including gender, race, and pre-college academic ability. Among our results, we find participation in college sports has a small, negative effect on GPA. This effect is stronger among football and basketball players, stronger among males, weaker among top students, but does not differ across race.
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