Abstract
7-Aminocephalosporanic acid wastewater usually contains high concentrations of ammonium (NH4+-N), which is known to inhibit nitrification during biological treatment processes. Chemical precipitation is a useful technology to remove ammonium from wastewater. In this paper, the removal of ammonium from 7-aminocephalosporanic acid wastewater was studied. The optimum pH, molar ratio, and various chemical compositions of magnesium ammonium phosphate (MAP) precipitation were investigated. The results indicated that ammonium in 7-aminocephalosporanic acid wastewater could be removed at an optimum pH of 9. The Mg2+:NH4+-N:PO43−-P molar ratio was readily controlled at a ratio of 1:1:1.1 to both effectively remove ammonium and avoid creating a higher concentration of PO43−-P in the effluent. MgCl2·6H2O + 85% H3PO4 was the most efficient combination for NH4+-N removal. Furthermore, the lowest concentration of the residual PO43−-P was obtained with the same combination. Struvite precipitation could be considered an effective technology for the NH4+-N removal from the 7-aminocephalosporanic acid wastewater.
Highlights
7-Aminocephalosporanic acid wastewater usually contains high concentrations of ammonium (NH4+-N), which is known to inhibit nitrification during biological treatment processes
In the first step of the struvite precipitation tests, nine combinations of chemicals denoted A1–A9 were tested with an initial NH4+-N concentration of 1,128 mg/L
Struvite precipitation was applied for the removal of NH4+-N from 7-Aminocephalosporanic acid (7-ACA) wastewater
Summary
7-Aminocephalosporanic acid wastewater usually contains high concentrations of ammonium (NH4+-N), which is known to inhibit nitrification during biological treatment processes. Chemical precipitation is a useful technology to remove ammonium from wastewater. The optimum pH, molar ratio, and various chemical compositions of magnesium ammonium phosphate (MAP) precipitation were investigated. Struvite precipitation could be considered an effective technology for the NH4+-N removal from the 7-aminocephalosporanic acid wastewater. The 7-ACA wastewater it is hard to bioremediate, because of the high concentrations of NH4+-N, a small quantity of cephalosporin and 7-ACA that can inhibit the growth of, and even destroy, harmful microorganisms. To overcome this difficulty, the precipitation of NH4+-N by forming magnesium ammonium phosphate (struvite, MgNH4PO4·6H2O) is an attractive means of 7-ACA wastewater treatment. Li and Zhao [11] found that under an equal molar ratio of Mg2+:NH4+-N:PO43−-P, the NH4+-N concentration could quickly be reduced from
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