Struktur, Pandangan Dunia, dan Struktur Sosial dalam Hikayat Mareskalek Karya Abdullah bin Muhammad al-Misri: Tinjauan Strukturalisme Genetik

Abstract

This research aims to reveal the structure, world view, and social structure in Abdullah bin Muhammad al-Misri'sHikayatMareskalek (HM) with the theory of genetic structuralism by Lucien Goldmann’s perspective. This research used the first version of HM text or HMa Cod. Or. 1724 edited by Zaini-Lajoubert. The data of this study were obtained by using the reading-note technique and dialectical method. The data for the three research variables are HM text; philosophical, cultural, and ideological texts; as well as texts of social research results, such as economics, politics, and the like that are relevant to HM. These data are analyzed by a dialectical method to show the relationship between variables by placing them in the overall social structure. The results of this study indicate that the structure of the Hikayat is formed from various oppositional relations which generally show colonial opposition to the natives and the Chinese,as well as Islam and Islamism to colonialism. The structure depicts Mareskalek's interiority as a troubled hero, but he wants to unite with the world. By borrowing a novel concept of Lukacs, HM is a type of education. The worldview expressed is leadership elitism and Islamism. The first world view appears from the structure that puts the colonial as superior to other social classes. Meanwhile, Islamism can be seen from the structure that declares Islam and Islamism above colonialism. Both of them are contradictory related. On the one hand, al-Misri stated the values of colonial superiority by manipulating historical facts. On the other hand, he was against colonialism though not directly. This is made possible by the social changes that occurred as a result of Daendels' various policies. In addition, the author is in an intermediary position. As part of the Arab community, he is below the colonial and above the natives in the structure of the Dutch East Indies society.