Struggle with noise pollution on the railway

Abstract

Living in cities, people are faced with various problems that arise in everyday life. One of the most harmful problems that causes diseases in humans is noise pollution. The growing noise pollution of the big city also causes a lot of troubles to the citizens, negatively affects their health and mental condition. With the development of all types of transport, intensive construction, noise loads per person increase, causing its annoyance, mental imbalance, insomnia and, as a consequence, cardiovascular and mental illness. Now, in the streets of Kyiv in many regions, noise sometimes reaches 80-90 in the daytime, and 50-60 decibels at night, which is not a normal phenomenon. So, it was decided to find a site where noise would exceed the norm, and the main source of its nature would be the railroad.Having conducted experimental research on this section of the railway, noise levels were determined. Consequently, the equivalent noise level is 61 dBA, equivalent to the noise level of the flow of trains was 64 dBa, the maximum noise figure recorded in this section was 85 dBA. This experiment was conducted at night with the greatest intensity of trains. So, as the standard (DBN 360-92), the equivalent noise level in the period from 23 h - 7 h should not exceed 45 dBA, and the maximum noise level should not exceed 60 dBA. So we see a significant deviation from the norms, so you need to develop methods to combat noise. Since the selected site was densely built up, which made it impossible to combat noise by the method of forest plantations, so this issue was solved by establishing appropriate noise protection structures that would operate on different sources. Knowing that the noise arises not only from the rumble of the tractor of our tractor train, but also the rattle of the wheels on the track and the flow of air of the train body. So, to reduce noise, you need to consider all these sources.Consequently, in order to reduce the noise caused by rolling the wheel along the track, it was proposed to install road dampers and liners that reduce noise to 10 dB. And to reduce the noise already in the air, it is proposed to install noise protection screens of a height of at least 2m, which allows to reduce the noise level by another 15 dBA. Execution of these conditions will allow us to reduce the noise level in this area by 16 - 20 dBA. (the equivalent noise level should be reduced to 41-45 dBA).Consequently, this experimental study carried out showed us the need to carry out such experiments not only along the whole railway connection of the city of Kyiv or other cities of Ukraine, but also measurements on automobile or ship solutions or construction sites. This will detect problem areas, and depending on the source of noise, fight with them to improve the noise background. And this, in turn, will have a positive effect on the psychological state of man.So let's make a world in which we live better!