Abstract

본 연구의 목적은 성리학(이기론)적 시대정신의 변화로 조선시대 인물사를 구조화하는 것이다. 특히 조선 후기의 시대 정신을 대표하는 인물인 김만덕의 ‘도전하는 삶’을 중심으로 구조화시켜 보았다. 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 현행 역사 교과서의 문제점 중 하나는 역사를 구조적으로 서술하고 있지 못하다는 점이다. 둘째, 구조적 역사서술은 역사서술의 기본적 특성이며, 학생들의 구조적 이해를 위해서도 구조적 역사서술이 필요하다. 셋째, 조선시대를 구조적으로 보는 관점으로서 ‘성리학의 이기론(理氣論)’을 제시하였다. 넷째, 이기론적 시대정신을 반영한 대표 인물을 통해 조선시대를 구조화하였다. 조선 전기는 유교적 질서(理)를 추구한 사회로, ‘사육신(死六臣)의 충성스러운 삶’을 통해 구조화하였다. 조선 후기는 새로운 질서를 지향(理′)한 사회로, ‘김만덕의 도전하는 삶’을 통해 구조화하였다. 다섯째, 앞선 연구 결과들을 토대로 교과서의 구조적 역사서술을 위한 방향성에 관해 제언하였다.The purpose of this study is to structure the history of personage in the Joseon Dynasty through changes in the Neo-Confucian zeitgeist(Theory of Li-Qi). In particular, it was structured around Kim Mandeok s “Challenging Life,” a personage representing the zeitgeist of the late Joseon Dynasty. The results of the study are as follows. First, one of the problems with current history textbooks is that they do not describe history structurally. Second, structural descriptions of history are basic characteristics of historical descriptions, and structural descriptions of history are also necessary for students structural understanding. Third, ‘Theory of Li-Qi(Neo-Confucianism)’ was presented from a structural perspective looking at the Joseon Dynasty. Fourth, the Joseon Dynasty was structured through representative personage reflecting the zeitgeist(Theory of Li-Qi). The pre Joseon Dynasty was a society that pursued Confucian order and was structured through the “loyal life of Sayukshin.” The late Joseon Dynasty was a society that aimed for a new order and was structured through “Kim Mandeok s Challenging Life”. Fifth, based on the results of the previous research, the direction of the textbook for structural descriptions of history was suggested.

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