Abstract
Axial quasicrystals have just one special axis N with multiplicity n larger than two. Along this axis they show a periodic sequence of atomic layers, which are ordered quasiperiodically in two dimensions. Theoretically, n could be any integer number, there are no principal geometrical restrictions. However, all stable axial quasicrystals known so far show 5- or 10-fold symmetry only. This is not too surprising since icosahedral coordination is the most frequent atomic environment type (AET) in intermetallic phases. However, since icosahedra cannot be packed without gaps, they are distorted and/or mixed with other AET. There are a few reports on quasicrystals with 8- or 12-fold symmetry. However, these quasiperiodic phases are either metastable or of poor quality. Not a single quasicrystal with any other noncrystallographic symmetry has ever been reported. We present a general overview of the axial quasicrystals found so far and discuss the structures of d-Al–Co–Cu and d-Al–Co–Ni in detail.
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