Abstract
HIV/AIDS pandemics is a serious threat to health and development of mankind, and searching for effective anti-HIV agents remains actual. Considerable progress has been made in recent years in the field of drug development against HIV. A lot of structurally different coumarins were found to display potent anti-HIV activity. The current review demonstrates the variety of synthetic coumarins having unique mechanism of action referring to the different stages of HIV replication. Recent studies based on the account of various synthetic coumarins seem to indicate that some of them serve as potent non-nucleoside RT-inhibitors, another as inhibitors of HIV-integrase or HIV-protease. The merits of selecting potential anti-HIV agents to be used in rational combination drugs design and structure-activity relationships are discussed.The scientific community is looking actively for new drugs and combinations for treatment of HIV infection effective for first-line treatment, as well as against resistant mutants. The investigation on chemical anti-HIV agents gives hope and optimism about it. This review article describes recent progress in the discovery, structure modification, and structure-activity relationship studies of potent anti-HIV coumarin derivatives.
Highlights
AIDS remains an enormous health threat, chemotherapeutic agents have increased in number and effectiveness
Coumarins comprise a vast array of biologically active compounds ubiquitous in plants, many of which have been used in traditional medicine for thousands of years
It is useful to make some correlations of the available data which would help the researchers in discovering and developing of new active compounds used in drug design
Summary
AIDS remains an enormous health threat, chemotherapeutic agents have increased in number and effectiveness. Step 4, a key step in the replicative cycle of retroviruses, which makes it distinct from the replicative cycle of other viruses, is the reverse transcription catalyzed by reverse transcriptase Another target for therapeutic intervention is step 9, the proteolysis of precursor proteins by HIV protease. Coumarins have important effects in plant biochemistry and physiology, acting as antioxidants, enzyme inhibitors, and precursors of toxic substances. These compounds are involved in the actions of plant growth hormones and growth regulators, the control of respiration, photosynthesis, as well as defense against infection.
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