Abstract
The new Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3-SrMnO3−δ solid solution materials were fabricated via sol–gel method. The random incorporation of Sr and Mn cations into host lattice of Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3 resulted in structural distortion and influenced on the reduction of the optical band gap from 3.07 eV to 1.81 eV for pure Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3 and 9 mol% SrMnO3−δ solid solution into Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3. The magnetic properties of Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3 materials at room temperature were tuned via compensation of diamagnetic material with weak-ferromagnetism to ferromagnetism with low SrMnO3−δ content and combination of paramagnetism/antiferromagnetism-like and ferromagnetism with higher SrMnO3−δ content solid solution in Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3. The tunable magnetic and optical properties of lead-free ferroelectric materials was promising for their application to green electronic devices.
Highlights
The new Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3-SrMnO3−δ solid solution materials were fabricated via sol–gel method
The solid solution of SrMnO3−δ into host Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3 materials resulted in modification of the surface morphologies of samples where the surface morphologies were exhibited inhomogeneous as increasing the SrMnO3−δ amounts solution
X-ray diffraction and Raman scattering were used to study the structure of pure Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3 and SrMnO3−δ-modified Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3 materials with various SrMnO3-δ amount, providing that all samples followed the crystal structural symmetry of host rhombohedral structure of Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3 materials
Summary
The new Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3-SrMnO3−δ solid solution materials were fabricated via sol–gel method. The high-performance properties of lead-free ferroelectric Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3 materials were recently greatly enhanced by using a solid solution with various compounds containing transition metal such as BiCoO3, Bi(Zn0.5Hf0.5)O3, Bi(Mn0.5Ti0.5)O3, Bi(Co0.5Ti0.5)O3 etc.[4,9,10,11,12]. The solid solution with perovskite-type material containing the transition metal and alkaline cations possibly enhanced the performance of electrical properties of lead-free ferroelectric Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3-based materials. Both A- and B-sites of Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3 compounds were modified by alkaline cation and transition metal ions, respectively, thereby resulting display ferromagnetism with large magnetisation at room temperature and overcoming the single transition metal dopants. The solid solution SrMnO3−δ in Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3 compound reduced the optical band gap and tunable magnetic properties of host materials
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