Abstract
Unreversed seismic refraction profiles were recorded over the axial trough portion of Vema Fracture Zone and over the crust on opposite sides, using short- and long-range sonobuoys. Travel time—distance analysis of refracted arrivals indicates that south of the axial trough there is a 600 m thick layer of (assumed) velocity 3.6 km/sec overlying a 4 km thick 6.3-km/sec crustal layer between it and the upper mantle. Beneath the axial trough a 2.2 km thick 4.3-km/sec layer on a 2.6 km thick 5.9-km/sec layer overlies the mantle. The main crustal layer of velocity 5.9–6.3-km/sec may correspond to layer 3 of the deep-ocean basin, but its velocity and thickness are significantly less beneath the axial trough. Oceanic basement (layer 2) north of the axial trough is approximately 2 km thick and has a 3-component-velocity structure; deeper crustal layers were not detected due to insufficient profile length.
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