Structure of the training process of highly qualified sprinters with visual impairments

Abstract

The article is devoted to the analysis of scientific and methodological literature on the problem of the structure of the training process of highly-qualified athletes with visual impairments. Over the past decades, Paralympic sports have shown a tendency to transfer the theoretical and methodological foundations of the training of Olympic athletes to disabled sports, which leads to the neglect of psychological, functional and morphological characteristics of Paralympic athletes. in the scientific and methodological literature, there are no studies aimed at studying the peculiarities of the structure of the training process of Paralympic athletes with visual impairments who have different sports qualifications. Information about highly qualified visually impaired athletes is fragmentary and isolated. Summarization literary sources shows that most of them are devoted to separate aspects of training and functional classification of paralympians. As a result of the study, the physiological features of athletes with visual impairments were revealed: low level of development of strength endurance, coordination and speed qualities, high energy expenditure during the performance of a motor task and rapid fatigue; inconsistency of circadian rhythms with changes in the activity of their body, which should be taken into account in the process of training people with visual impairments. It has been established that most coaches in the training process of sprinters with visual impairments are guided by the basic provisions of training athletes without visual impairments. The analysis of modern literature has shown the specificity of the organization of the training process of sprinters at various stages of training.