Abstract
The ultrastructure of the eggshell of the domestic fowl is reviewed with regard to the influence that the various shell layers have on determining eggshell quality. Emphasis is placed on the importance of normal mammillary knob formation. Eggshells having good eggshell quality have a regular distribution of mammillary cores. These initiate the production of many small mammillary cap and cone formations. Early fusion of the forming mammillary knobs is a key to eggshell strength through a reduction in the penetration of intermammillary clefts into the calcified eggshell. The formation of narrow palisade columns is implicated in this process. The impact of the membranes, vertical crystal layer, and cuticle is also discussed.
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