Abstract
The crystal structure and defect structure of several metal-dichloride GICs are investigated using single crystal x-ray precession, four-circle diffractometry, and transmission electron microscopy. The intercalate layers are found to be translationally incommensurate with the carbon layers. However there is orientational alignment of the intercalate and carbon layers. Further, the intercalate incompletely covers the carbon layer. For the stage-1 compounds we have determined the three-dimensional space group for both the intercalate and the graphite lattices. In several cases we have obtained excellent agreement between the observed and calculated diffracted intensities. The transmission electron microscopy results show that the intercalate layers have the morphology of a porous network. This result contradicts earlier suggestions that the intercalate layers have the morphology of isolated islands. For the stage-2 compounds the three-dimensional correlations of the intercalate are strongly attenuated. However, the carbon layers do maintain a significant degree of three-dimensional correlation.
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