Abstract
The complex introduction of organosilicon compound (octyltriethoxysilane) and electrolyte (sodium hydroxide) maximizes the frost resistance and strength of soil cement. However, the effect of complex additive based on octyltriethoxysilane and sodium hydroxide on the soil cement structure has not been sufficiently studied. Therefore, the aim of this work was to study the phase composition of hydrated newgrowths and soil minerals in soil cement with optimal content of complex additives. The study was conducted by methods of complex thermal analysis, X-ray powder diffraction and electron microscopy. On the XRD pattern of the sample with and without complex additive, we marked identical peaks of soil minerals, unhydrated cement clinker minerals and hydrated newgrowths. In the result of differential thermal analysis, we determined that soil cement with complex additive is characterized by the smaller amount of free calcium hydroxide formed, as well as saturation of the soil complex with sodium ions. In the soil cement sample with complex additive, we observe a smaller amount of coagulated soil aggregates in comparison with the sample without an additive. Complex additive contributes to the formation of a more dense and uniform structure of soil cement, reduces the amount of adsorption water associated with clay minerals, reduces the formation of free calcium hydroxide, which increases the physicomechanical properties of the resulting material.
Highlights
A number of regions lack of the durable stone materials reserves, which transportation costs significantly increases the cost of road construction
Studies have shown that the complex additive based on organosilicon compound of OTES and sodium hydroxide (SH) electrolyte has a multifunctional effect
The phase composition of hydrated newgrowths and soil minerals in soil cement with the complex additives optimal content after 28 days of normal hardening was studied by DTA, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and electron microscopy
Summary
A number of regions lack of the durable stone materials reserves, which transportation costs significantly increases the cost of road construction. Improving the efficiency and quality of soil cement [1–5] for road use is an urgent problem that cannot be successfully solved without modification by chemical additives that influence on structure and properties of resulting materials. When the absorbing complex in the main mass is saturated with sodium, there will be no coagulation in the soil, and all individual mineral, organic and organomineral particles will exist separately. This is due to the fact that the concentration of sodium ion in the solution will lie below its electrolytic threshold due to the low coagulating ability of this cation. The replacement of exchange cations during soil strengthening can be one of the effective methods for modifying cement grounds depending on desired goal [6–9]
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