Structure in seven bumblebee communities in eastern Finland in relation to resource availability

Abstract

The structure of seven local bumblebee communities was studied in eastern Finland. The number of species in the study sites varied from 5 to 10, 11 being the number in the species pool. Most of the species (queens) had proboscis lengths of 8–11 mm. When floral resources were analysed on the basis of corolla tube depths, a group was found between 4 and 8 mm. In terms of flower utilization, species with similar proboscises had higher pairwise niche overlaps than species differing by their proboscis lengths.Spacing between neighbouring species along the proboscis length dimension was not more uniform in the realized communities than what was expected on the basis of random draws from the local species pool. The results were the same for all species observed in the communities and for the abundant species only (frequency >5%), although competition among species in the latter group is expected to be more intense.When the structure of bumblebee communities and of floral resources was expressed in terms of diversity of proboscis lengths and corolla tube depths, respectively, a positive correlation was found. Data suggest that species with similar proboscis tend to co‐occur on fields with availability of appropriate corolla tubes.