Structure evolution in annealed and hot deformed Al–V2 O5 composite

Abstract

Structural observations and hot deformation tests were carried out on mechanically alloyed Al-10 wt-%V2 O5 composite. Initial annealing experiments revealed a hardening of the material during the first stage of annealing. The material hardness increased from 114 HB for as extruded material to 167 HB after annealing at 873 K for 6 h. Differential scanning calorimetry tests conducted on as extruded material confirmed the development of an exothermic reaction during heating of the material within the temperature range 650–870 K. The amount of heat released was reduced with increasing annealing time at 873 K. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray analysis of annealed material revealed new intermetallic grains and very fine aluminium oxide particles, which resulted from the chemical reaction between the aluminium matrix and vanadium oxides. The development of voids in long aged specimens was found to be an undesirable effect of local specific volume reduction during the course of the chemical reaction that was not fully compensated by the local volume increase due to the growth of intermetallic particles. As a result, the material hardness was reduced in long time annealed specimens. The mechanical properties of as extruded and annealed specimens were investigated by means of hot compression testing within the temperature range 623–903 K. These tests revealed that the flow stress of as extruded material was reduced from 180 to 22 MPa when tested at 623 and 903 K, respectively. Annealed specimens exhibited higher flow stresses of 195 and 32 MPa at the same temperatures. The results indicate that the strength of the material can be effectively increased owing to a change of material structure as a result of the chemical reaction taking place during high temperature annealing.