Abstract
The structural characteristics of inoculated grey irons were studied. As a general rule, the beneficial influence of the three inoculating elements is in the order Ba⩽Ca<Sr, becoming more pronounced as the cooling rate increased. It was found that Ba is the least effective in all the experimental conditions, as the structure included the highest amounts of undercooled graphite and free carbides and had the lowest eutectic cell count. Ca and Sr show better effects, in favour of Sr inoculation at high cooling rate, in preventing the formation of undercooled graphite and carbides. The highest eutectic cell count was obtained in Ca inoculated, high carbon equivalent irons, while Sr inoculation was more efficient in a thin wall grey iron with 3·8–4·0% carbon equivalent, 0·6–0·8%Mn, 0·07–0·10%S, giving a (%Mn)×(%S) value of 0·04–0·06 and 0·005–0·010%Al.
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