Structure and regeneration status of woody species in the Munessa Forest, Southern Ethiopia

Abstract

This study evaluates the structure and regeneration status of woody species in the Munessa Forest, a dry Afromontane forest in southern Ethiopia. Vegetation data were collected using a systematic sampling method. Density and distribution of seedlings, saplings and mature trees were assessed along an altitudinal gradient using quadrats of different sizes. The number of individuals, frequencies, heights and DBH of species > 1 m and DBH > 2.5 cm were recorded in altitudinal bands of 100 m. Analysis of the vegetation structure shows that the density of woody species decreases as DBH and height class increases. Basal area of stems with DBH > 2.5 cm was 53.4 m2 ha−1. Population structure and regeneration patterns indicate a significant degradation of the forest due to anthropogenic disturbances. Regeneration was better for less valuable woody species than for species with economic and ecological value. This suggests a discontinuous recruitment of these species due to selective cutting of middle and higher diameter classes. Therefore, enrichment planting of high value, endangered species is necessary to maintain them as part of this forest. There is a need to develop and implement an effective forest management plan for sustainable use of these forest resources.