Structure and properties of sequentially polymerized propylene‐b‐[ethylene‐co‐propylene]‐b‐propylene copolymers

Abstract

AbstractThe structure and properties of presumed block copolymers of polypropylene (PP) with ethylene‐propylene random copolymers (EPR), i.e., PP‐EPR and PP‐EPR‐PP, have been investigated by viscometry, transmission electron microscopy, dynamic mechanical analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, gel permeation chromatography, wide‐angle x‐ray diffraction, and other techniques testing various mechanical properties. PP‐EPR and PP‐EPR‐PP were synthesized using δ‐TiCl3‐Et2‐AlCl as a catalyst system. The results indicate that the intrinisic viscosity of these polymers increases with each block‐building step, whereas the intrinsic viscosity of those prepared by chain transfer reaction (strong chain‐transfer reagent hydrogen was introduced between block‐building steps during polymerization) hardly changes with the reaction time. Compared with PP/EPR blends, PP‐EPR‐PP block copolymers have lower PP and polyethylene crystallinity, and lower melting and crystallization temperatures of crystalline EPR. Two relaxation peaks of PP and EPR appear in the dynamic spectra of blends. They merge into a very broad relaxation peak with block sequence products of the same composition, indicating good compatibility between PP and EPR in the presence of block copolymers. Varying the PP and EPR content affects the crystallinity, density, and morphological structure of the products, which in turn affects the tensile strength and elongation at break. Because of their superior mechanical properties, sequential polymerization products containing PP‐EPR and PP‐EPR‐PP block copolymers may have potential as compatibilizing agents for isotactic polypropylene and polyethylene blends or as potential heat‐resistant thermoplastic elastomers.