Abstract
Polylactide reinforced with 3wt% of organo-modified montmorillonite, 5wt% of stearic acid-modified calcium carbonate nanoparticles, 15wt% of cellulose fibers (PLA/MMT, PLA/NCC, PLA/CF) and hybrid composites containing 15wt% of fibers in addition to montmorillonite (PLA/MMT/CF) or calcium carbonate (PLA/NCC/CF) were prepared and examined. The nanoparticles were dispersed in polylactide almost homogeneously; montmorillonite was exfoliated during processing. Tg of polylactide remained unaffected but its cold crystallization was enhanced; the cold-crystallization behavior of the hybrid composites was dominated by nanofillers nucleating ability. The fibers and calcium carbonate decreased whereas exfoliated montmorillonite improved the thermal stability of the materials. Polylactide, PLA/NCC and PLA/MMT exhibited ability to plastic deformation, although the latter the weakest. Tensile behavior of the hybrid composites was strongly influenced by the fibers and similar to that of PLA/CF. All the fillers increased the storage modulus below Tg; that of PLA/MMT/CF and PLA/NCC/CF was improved with respect to polylactide by 50% and 45%, respectively.
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