Abstract
Fully bio-based cellulose–cellulose composites were produced by partly dissolving beech pulp fibres in lithium chloride/dimethylacetamide (LiCl/DMAc) and subsequent regeneration of matrix cellulose in the presence of undissolved fibres. Compared to cellulose–epoxy composites produced from the same fibres, a two-fold increase in tensile strength and elastic modulus was observed for cellulose–cellulose composites. From scanning electron microscopy and nanoindentation it is concluded that changes in the fibre cell wall during LiCl/DMAc treatment, improved matrix properties of regenerated cellulose compared to epoxy, and improved fibre–matrix adhesion are responsible for the superior properties of cellulose–cellulose composites.
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