Abstract
The glass formation regions in the systems KF–Nb2O5–SiO2 and BaF2–Nb2O5–SiO2 have been established using sol-gel and conventional glass synthesis. The processes of gel and glass formation have been investigated by IR spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. For the glasses of the system R2O(KF)–RO(BaF2)–Nb2O5–SiO2 and R2O–RO–Nb2O5–SiO2 (R2O - Na2O, K2O; RO - CaO, BaO) the changes of density, refraction index, dispersion, glass transition temperature, transmittance and chemical durability have been studied. The structure of niobium silicate glasses has been investigated by means of IR spectroscopy and the role of Nb5+ ion as a glass-network former in NbO6-octahedra has been established. A model is suggested based on the glass network by Si–O–Nb bonds in niobium silicate glasses.
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