Abstract
The structures and magnetic properties of Nd 15Fe 77B 8, Nd 15Fe 80B 5, Nd 2Fe 12.5B, Nd 2Fe 14B, Nd 3Fe 20B and Nd 3Fe 21B alloys were studied. The Nd 15Fe 77B 8 alloy has a triplex structure; its matrix (Nd 2Fe 14B) has a tetragonal structure and is primarily responsible for the high coercivity. The second phase is boron rich and is tetragonal with a = 0.709 nm and c = 2.740 nm. The third phase is neodymium rich. Boron is a vital element for the stability of the tetragonal structure of Nd 2Fe 14B. Its stability decreases with progressive substitution of boron by aluminium or gallium. When boron is completely substituted by one of these two elements, the matrix changes to Nd 2Fe 17 (Th 2Zn 17-type rhombohedral structure); its coercivity is lowered by an order of magnitude. Cobalt substitution for iron in the NdFeB alloys raises the Curie temperature. Gallium substitution for boron has a similar result, but is not as effective as cobalt. However, a reverse effect is observed when boron is substituted by aluminium.
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