Structure and genetic variability of golden mussel (Limnoperna fortunei) populations from Brazilian reservoirs.

Pâmela Juliana Furlan‐Murari,Angela Maria Urrea‐Rojas,Claudete De Fatima Ruas,Eduardo Augusto Ruas,Felipe Pinheiro De Souza,Angela Rocio Poveda‐Parra,Nelson Mauricio Lopera‐Barrero,Emerson Murari,Ed Christian Suzuki De Lima,Lucas Milanez Benício

doi:10.1002/ece3.4941

Pâmela Juliana Furlan‐Murari, Angela Maria Urrea‐Rojas + Show 8 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.4941

Copy DOI

Abstract

The golden mussel, Limnoperna fortunei a highly invasive species in Brazil, has generated productive, economical, and biological impacts. To evaluate genetic structure and variability of L. fortunei populations present in fish farms in the reservoirs of Canoas I (CANFF), Rosana (ROSFF), and Capivara (CAPFF) (Paranapanema River, Paraná, Brazil), eight microsatellite loci were amplified. Five of those eight loci resulted in 38 alleles. The observed heterozygosity (Ho) was lower than the expected heterozygosity (He) in all populations, with a deviation from the Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium (HWE). The average value for the inbreeding coefficient (Fis) was positive and significative for all populations. There was higher genetic variability within populations than among them. The fixation index (Fst) showed a small genetic variability among these populations. The occurrence of gene flow was identified in all populations, along with the lack of a recent bottleneck effect. The clustering analysis yielded K = 2, with genetic similarity between the three populations. The results demonstrate low genetic structure and suggest a founding population with greater genetic variability (ROSFF). Our data point to the possible dispersal of L. fortunei aided by anthropic factors in the upstream direction. It was concluded that the three populations presented a unique genetic pool for Paranapanema River, with occurrence of gene flow.

Highlights

The golden mussel, Limnoperna fortunei (Dunker 1857), is a bi‐ valve mollusk belonging to the family of sea mussels (Mytilidae, Mytiloida; Newell, 1969), which is able to inhabit both freshwater and brackish environments (Darrigran, 2002)
Giordani (2013) highlighted that this organism has a gland that secretes protein filaments, known as byssus, which allows its fixation on practically all types of natural or artificial substrates, being nowa‐ days a matter of great concern for all sectors that develop activi‐ ties associated with the use of water
Considering the results presented to verify the estimates of genetic diversity parameters of the five loci (Table 1), the average number of alleles (Na) per population ranged from 7.0 (ROSFF) to 4.6 (CANFF)

Summary

| INTRODUCTION

The golden mussel, Limnoperna fortunei (Dunker 1857), is a bi‐ valve mollusk belonging to the family of sea mussels (Mytilidae, Mytiloida; Newell, 1969), which is able to inhabit both freshwater and brackish environments (Darrigran, 2002). Human‐mediated transport of propagules (e.g., abandonment of lines and hooks, ballast water discharge, recreational activities) are important factors that contributed to the dispersal of the mussel along the La Plata and Parana River basins. Another invasive mollusk, Zebra mussel (Dreissena poly‐ morpha), has shown low genetic differentiation among populations of the Great Lakes, North America (Astanei, Gosling, Wilson, & Powell, 2005). We evaluate the genetic structure and variability of golden mussel (L. fortunei) populations in three reservoirs of the Paranapanema River, Paraná, collaborating to the understanding of invasion patterns in the assessed regions

| MATERIALS AND METHODS

| DISCUSSION