Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a macromolecules network, in which the most abundant molecule is collagen. This protein in triple helical conformation is highly resistant to proteinases degradation, the only enzymes capable of degrading the collagen are matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). This resistance and maintenance of collagen, and consequently of ECM, is involved in several biological processes and it must be strictly regulated by endogenous inhibitors (TIMPs). The deregulation of MMPs activity leads to development of numerous diseases. This review shows MMPs complexity.
Highlights
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a macromolecules network, in which the most abundant molecule is collagen
Huang et al [26] related that matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs)-9 represents a potential biomarker which is overexpressed in types of tumors (colarectal carcinoma, breast, pancreatic, ovaria, cervical, osteosarcoma non-small several types of tumors (colarectal carcinoma, breast, pancreatic, ovaria, cervical, osteosarcoma noncell lung cancer (NSCLC), and giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB)), which makes MMP-9 a preferential small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB)), which makes MMP-9 a candidate for the early detection of these diseases [26]
MT-MMPs have the insert of eight amino acids in the catalytic domain, which in case of MMP-14 consists of PYAYIREG
Summary
(ECM) is is aa macromolecules macromolecules network, network, composed composed of of collagen, collagen, enzymes enzymes. 3) glycosylation of lysine, forming the the pro-collagen This structure is a triple helix chain, but with the unwound terminals. The removal of of these terminals occurs in extracellular medium, by collagen peptidases, forming tropocollagen. (b) In extracellular medium, the pro-collagen is processed by collagen peptidase, forming tropocollagen. The collagen type I, II and III have a specific cleavage sequence: (Gln/Leu)Gly#(Ile/Leu)-(Ala/Pro), which is located at 3/4 of N-terminal and this is crucial for collagen. (Gln/Leu)-Gly#(Ile/Leu)-(Ala/Pro), which is located at 3/4 of N-terminal and this is crucial for collagen degradation [6,7] (Figure 3). The collagen degradation is involved in many biological processes, such as embryogenesis, morphogenesis, tissue remodulation, angiogenesis, and wound healing [4].
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