Abstract
The composition and size of fullerites and the structures and fracture surfaces of superelastic hard carbon phase (SHP) particles made from them and reinforcing metal-matrix composite materials are studied by optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. An inheritance relationship is shown to exist between the optically anisotropic structure of SHP formed under pressure at temperatures above the stability threshold of fullerene molecules and the structure of the original fullerites. The fractographic features of the SHP particles made from C60 fullerenes correlate with a deformed structure of fcc fullerites, whereas the particles made from a soot extract of fullerenes have a fracture surface characteristic of amorphous materials. Reinforcing with SHP particles increases the wear resistance of cobalt by several orders of magnitude and simultaneously decreases its friction coefficient. This effect is most pronounced upon reinforcing by the particles produced from a soot extract of fullerenes.
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