Abstract
A near full-length cDNA and three genomic clones for rice (Oryza sativa L.) glutelin were isolated and studied. Based on nucleic acid sequence and Southern blot analyses, the three isolated glutelin genomic clones were representative members of three gene subfamilies each containing five to eight copies. A comparison of DNA sequences displayed by relevant regions of these genomic clones showed that two subfamilies, represented by clones Gt1 and Gt2, were closely related and evolved by more recent gene duplication events. The 5'-flanking and coding sequences of Gt1 and Gt2 displayed at least 87% homology. In contrast, Gt3 showed little or no homology in the 5'-flanking sequences upstream of the putative CAAT boxes and exhibited significant divergence in all other portions of the gene. Conserved sequences in the 5'-flanking regions of these genes were identified and discussed in light of their potential regulatory role. The derived primary sequences of all three glutelin genomic clones showed significant homology to the legume 11 S storage proteins indicating a common gene origin. A comparison of the derived glutelin primary sequences showed that mutations were clustered in three peptide regions. One peptide region corresponded to the highly mutable hypervariable region of legume 11 S storage proteins, a potential target area for protein modification. Expression studies indicated that glutelin mRNA transcripts are differentially accumulated during endosperm development. Promoters of Gt2 and Gt3 were functional as they direct transient expression of chloramphenicol acetyltransferase in cultured plant cells.
Highlights
A near full-length cDNA and three genomic clones teins consist of three classes: globulins, prolamines, and glufor rice (Oryza sativa L.) glutelin were isolated and telins
Twmoajor globulin genomic clones showed that two subfamilies, represented by clones Gtl andGt2, wereclosely related and evolved by more recent gene duplication events
Plants store a significant amount of their nitrogen, sulfur, and carbon reserves as storage proteins in seed tissue, which are utilized during the post-germinative periods of development. Based on their solubility properties, these storage proand Luthe,1985).Recent molecular analysis of glutelin cDNA clonesconfirmed the homology of the glutelin primary sequence to legume ll S globulins (Takaiwa et al, 1987b, Higuchi and Fukazawa,1987)
Summary
Unlike most cereals, which utilize the alcohol-soluble prolittle orno homology in the 5”flanking sequences up- lamines asa reserve, the major proteins present inrice seeds stream of the putative CAAT boxes and exhibited sig- are the glutelins. Expression studies indicated that glutelin mRNA transcripts are differentially accumulated during endosperm dehya-re formed by different cellular processes (Tanaka et al, Krishnan et al, 1986) Despite their solubility properties, evidence has been ered that the rice glutelin is structurally similar to the. Plants store a significant amount of their nitrogen, sulfur, and carbon reserves as storage proteins in seed tissue, which are utilized during the post-germinative periods of development Based on their solubility properties, these storage proand Luthe,1985).Recent molecular analysis of glutelin cDNA clonesconfirmed the homology of the glutelin primary sequence to legume ll S globulins (Takaiwa et al, 1987b, Higuchi and Fukazawa,1987).
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