Abstract
The crystal and molecular structure of a new ferroelectric[C5H6N]+ReO4- was determined by the x-raydiffraction method at 350 K, 293 K and 220 K. In all three phasesits structure is orthorhombic, with the following sequence of spacegroups: Cmcm Cmc21 Pbca. In the twohigh-temperature phases, the pyridinium cations are disordered whilethe anions are ordered. The low-temperature phase is fully ordered.The complex permittivity of a ferroelectric single crystal ofpyridinium perrhenate was measured in the frequency range from 1 kHzto 13 MHz. The results confirm the order-disorder nature of thecontinuous ferroelectric phase transition at T1 = 336 K.In the vicinity of the ferroelectric phase transition, thephenomenon of critical slowing down was detected. Thedielectric relaxation in the paraelectric phase can be described bythe Debye relaxation equation with a single relaxation time. Thenature of the ferroelectricity is related to the degree of disorderof the pyridinium cation as well as to the appearance and thealignment of the dipole moment of the ReO4- anion.
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