Structurally modified bioglasses synthesized using agro-food wastes and conventional sources for bone regeneration application

Abstract

Bioglasses are synthesized using the melt-quench technique using two different sources (biowastes and conventional chemicals). These glasses are characterized and tested using various experimental techniques such as X-ray diffraction, field emission-scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and in-vitro testing in simulated body fluid (SBF). The physical parameters, such as the density of glass samples, are 2.7 ± 0.01 g/cm3 and tend to decrease with increased MgO in glass composition. The MgO increases the phase separation tendency in glasses and stabilizes the hydroxyapatite layer (HAp) with an optimized Ca/P ratio of 1.67. MgO retards the degradation of bioglasses in SBF due to its two different roles in silicate and phosphate structural units. The controlled dissolution rates present an exciting prospect for chemical interactions and accelerated osteointegration in bone regeneration, bone grafting, and many dental applications.