Abstract
Structural studies on phosphatidylcholine liposomes in various phases were carried out using atomic force microscopy (AFM) by applying a newly proposed fixation method under aqueous conditions. With soybean lecithin liposomes in air at room temperature (liquid crystalline phase), only irregular images were observed under magnification. On the other hand, with dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) liposomes in air at room temperature (gel phase), regular two-dimensional molecular arrays were observed. With dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC) liposomes in water at 18° C (sub-gel phase) on mica substrates immobilized by centrifugation, various types of ripple structures were seen. It was shown that our fixation method using centrifugation is suitable for the AFM observation of artificial membranes under aqueous conditions.
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